副词词组与用法区分
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⑴ as…as…常构成一些词组:
as soon as…(一旦…就…)
as well as…(同样)
as+形容词/副词+as possible(尽可能……地)。
如:Please ring me up as soon as you get to Beijing.(请你一到北京就给我写信。)
Miss Gao hurried to the school gate as quickly as possible.(高小姐尽快地赶到了校门口。)
[注释] “as long / much as + 名词”可以表示“长达/多达…”的含义。
如:The house costs as much as five hundred thousand yuan.(那幢房子花费高达50万元。)
They stayed in the cave(山洞)as long as two weeks.(他们呆在山洞里长达两周。)
⑵ later、after、ago、before的用法:
① “一段时间+later/ago”分别表示“(多久)以后/以前”,主要用于过去时态。
② “after/before+某个时刻”分别表示“在某时刻之后/之前”,此时两个词是介词。
③ ago与before:ago只能用于过去时,before用于完成时。
如:He had an accident a week ago.(一周前出了一个事故)
Some years later, the boy became a very famous singer.(数年后这个男孩成了的歌唱家)
Have you been there before?(你从前到过那儿吗?)
After a few years he gave up smoking.(过了几年他戒了烟。)
⑶ above、below、over、under的用法:
在上下方用above和below,
在高低处用over和under.
如:The stars are high above in the sky.(星星高挂在空中)
A plane flew over quickly.(一架从头顶飞过。)
当above、below、over、under是介词性质时,意义相似。
⑷ too、also、either、nor的用法:
too(“也”)用于肯定句和疑问句的末尾,且用逗号隔开;
also(“也”)用于肯定句句子谓语动词之前;
either(“也”)用于否定句末尾,也用逗号隔开;
nor(“也不”)用于倒装句句首;
如:Are you American, too?(你也是人吗?)
He is not happy and I am not happy, either.(他不愉快,我也不。)
He didn’t watch the football game. Nor did I.(他没有看足球赛,我也没有。)
You can also find the market is very good.(你还可以发觉那个市场很好。)
⑸ enough、too、so、very、quite、very much的用法:
enough (“足够,”)放在形容词或副词之后;
too(“太”)、very(“非常”)、quite(“相当”)、so(“如此地”)等放在形容词或副词之前,
very much(“非常”)放在动词之后。
如:It’s too/so/very/quite expensive.(它太贵/那么贵/非常贵/相当贵。)
I don’t like sweets very much.(我不很喜欢糖果)
[注意] very与 much的区别:
very修饰形容词、副词的原级和现在分词形容词,
much修饰形容词和副词的比较级;
much还可以修饰疑问句和否定句中的动词,very不可以。
如:He is very stupid.(他很笨)
The film was very moving and everyone swept.(电影非常动人,大家都哭了)
You must work much harder or you will fail to enter the good school.
(你得学习更努力,不然你考不进那所好学校)/ I don’t like him much.(我不太喜欢他)
⑹ sometimes、 sometime、 some times 、some time的用法:
sometimes(有时)用于一般现在时
sometime(在将来某时)用于将来时
some times(数次)表示次数
some time(一些时间)表示一段时间。
如:Sometimes they go hiking in the mountains.(他们有时徒步旅行到山里去)
I will stay here some time.(我会在这儿呆些时候的。)
I will meet your father sometime.(我什么时候要见见你的父亲。)
⑺ how、what用于感叹句的用法:
对句子中的形容词或副词感叹时用how,
对人或事物(可能含有形容词作修饰语)进行感叹用what.
如:What a fine day (it is) today!(今天天气真好!)
How difficult (the problem is)!((问题)真难呀!)
⑻ already、yet的用法:
在完成时中,already一般用于肯定句,yet一般用于否定句和疑问句。
如:Have you done it already?(你已经做好了?)
I have not had my breakfast yet.(我还没有吃早饭呢。)
⑼ hard与hardly的用法:
hard作为副词意思是:“努力地,猛烈地”,
hardly是否定词,意思是:“几乎不”,一般与情态动词can/could连用。
如:They study English very hard.(他们英语学得很刻苦)
You can hardly see a person spit in a public place.(在公共场所你几乎看不到一个人随地吐痰)
⑽ like…very much、like…better(=prefer)、like…best的用法:
三个短语分别表示“非常喜欢”、“更喜欢”、“最喜欢”。
如:I like baseball very much.(我非常喜欢棒球)
Do you like butter better than cheese?
They like hamburgers best.
⑾ “quite/what+a+形容词+名词”的用法:
记住:quite/ such/ what…+a+形容词+名词;
too/so/how+形容词+a+名词;
rather+a+形容词+名词 = a+ rather+形容词+名词。
如:I have never seen such a strange guy(家伙).(我从未见过这样奇怪的家伙)
It is quite a nice day for a walk.(这真是散步的好日子)
⑿ how 的几个短语:
how often“多常,每隔多久”,用于一般时态,对表示频度的词语进行提问;
how soon“多久以后”,用于将来时态;
how long“多久”,用于过去时、完成时或其他时态;
how many times“多少次”,用于过去时或完成时,对总计次数进行提问;
how much“多么,多少”,对程度进行提问,也可以对数量(不可数)或进行提问。
如:How long have you been like this?(你这样已经多久了?)
How often does he wash his face?(他每隔多久洗一次脸?)
⒀ much、more与most的用法:
这三个词除了是形容词作名词的修饰语之外,还是程度副词
much表示“很”,修饰原级形/副,
more表示“更”用来构成多音节形/副的比较级,
most表示“最”用来构成多音节形/副的级。
此外,much也可以修饰比较级形/副。
如:This park is much more beautiful than that one.(这个公园比那个漂亮多了)
It is the most instructive film I have ever seen.(这是我看过的最有教育意义的电影)
⒁ no more、no longer、not…any more、no…any longer的用法:
表示时间,可以用no longer、not…ny more、no…any longer,而且no longer只能放在谓语动词之前;
表示程度,可以用no more、not…any more.
如:He no longer lived there.(他不再住在那里)
Tom wanted no more cakes.(他不想再要蛋糕)
He didn’ t smoke any more/longer.(他不再抽烟)
⒂ 被动语态中,方式副词一般放在be与谓语动词之间。
如:The runner was badly hurt.(赛跑运动员受了重伤)
English is widely spoken in the world today.(如今世界上英语说得很广泛)
⒃ too…to…与so…that…的问题:
副词too/so后面跟形容词或副词,to后面跟动词,that后面跟从句。
Too…to… (“太.……以致不……”)是否定的结构,用于简单句;
so…that…(“如此…以致…”)是肯定结构,用于复合句。
如:The child is too young to join the army.(这孩子年龄太小还不能参军)
He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.(他这么强壮,搬得动那个重箱子。)
⒄ 既是形容词也是副词的单词有:
early, late, long, last, next, first, near, enough, much, all, hard, alone, fast, slow, high, low, straight等等。
如:It was a long holiday.(那是个长假)
He stayed there very long.(他在那儿呆了好久)
Think hard then you will find a way.(好好想你就会找到办法)
He is a very hard(难对付的) person.(他是个难玩的家伙)
⒅ farther与further的用法区别:
表示地点、方向或距离时两个词同义,意思为“更远、较远”,但是further还表示“更多、进一步、额外”等意思,此时不能换为farther.
如:They decided to go farther/further the next day.(他们决定第二天走得再远些)
This problem will be further discussed.(这个问题还要进一步讨论)
Every one of them had their further studies after they left college.(他们每个人大学毕业后继续进修)
⒆ rather与quite的用法区别:
同very一样,两个词都表示形容词或副词的程度
quite表示“不到程度但是比预料的好”,
rather比quite更接近very的含义,含有令人惊讶的意思。
对“nice”程度的描绘:
not nice (fairly) nice quite nice rather nice very nice
如:It’s quite a nice film.(这是部好片子)。(可能意味着不是一部的电影)
It’s rather a nice film.(这是部很不错的电影。)(意味着比大多数电影都好)
[注意]注意quite与rather后面的次序词序。
⒇ maybe、possibly、perhaps的区别:
maybe“可能、也许”,比另外两个词更不正式、更随便、可能性不大;
possibly“可能地、或者、也许”,可能性较大,在否定句和疑问句中表示“无论如何”;
perhaps“可能”,较为常用而且正式,可能性也不大。
如:You could put it over there, maybe.(也许你可以把它放在那边)
I couldn’t possibly have finished such a long book in such a short time.
(我不可能在这么短的时间内完成这么长的一本书)
I thought perhaps it was the letter you have been expecting.(我以为那也许就是你期盼的信件)
(21) most、mostly的区别:
most作为形容词和名词时意思是“大多数的、大部分的”,作为副词时意思为“最,、很”;
mostly仅为副词,意思为“主要地、多半地、大部分地”。
如:I was at home most of the time when I was free.(我有空时大部分时间都在家)
Most children are naughty.(大部分的孩子都淘气)
This is the most exciting part of the film.(这是电影中最令人兴奋的部分)
She is mostly out on Sundays.(星期天她一般不在家)
(22) (be) worth、(be) worthy of的区别:
worth一般被看作是介词,后面接名词或者动名词,用主动表示被动含义,还可以用副词well修饰;
worthy of表示“值得的、配得上的”,后面跟动名词的被动形式。
如:What is worth doing at all is worth doing well(凡是值得做的,就值得好好去做).
The house is worth ¥300,000.(房子价值30万元)
This book is well worth reading several times.(这本书值得好好读几遍)
It is a thing worthy of being seen.(这是一个值得看的东西)
(23) almost、nearly的区别:
两个词意思相近,都表示“几乎、将近”,大多数情况下可以互换,与否定词连用时用almost不用nearly.
almost no 相当于hardly any(几乎没有)。
如:He had done almost nothing today.(他今天几乎没有干什么)
We are almost/nearly there.(我们几乎就到那里了)
Almost nobody/Hardly anybody understood his words.(几乎没有人懂他的话)
(24) a bit与a little的区别:
这两个名词短语经常当作副词使用,修饰形容词或副词的原级或比较级,可以互换,语气比rather弱。如:This digital camera is a bit(a little) expensive.(这台数码相机有点贵)
It is a little(a bit) colder than yesterday.(今天比昨天冷了点)
另外,a little可以直接加不可数名词,a bit 则采用“a bit + of +名词(不可数或可数名词复数)”的形式。
如:I have got a bit of a cold.(我有点感冒)
Go and get a little water for me, please.(请你去给我搞点水来)
[注意] not a bit(=not at all)意为“根本不”,而 not a little则意为“非常,不是一点”。
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